Nutrition
A healthy and varied diet that provides adequate amounts of vitamins, minerals, and other nutrients is vital for overall joint health. There’s even research showing that a whole-food, plant-based diet centered on fresh fruit, vegetables, grains, and legumes may help relieve symptoms of OA.
Chondroprotective Nutrients
Chondroprotective nutrients are found in common foods and spices. They are believed to help protect cartilage and joints and include:
Compounds derived from green teaRosehipsGingerTurmericPomegranate
Preliminary studies show that the polyphenols, phytoflavonoids, and bioflavonoids contained in these foods may help relieve pain and improve mobility. They also show promise in slowing the progression of the disease.
Since it is possible for supplements to interact with other medications, talk to your healthcare provider before trying any chondroprotective nutrients.
Exercise
Physical activity can play an effective role in managing OA. Regular exercise can relieve pain, stiffness, and swelling, improve mobility, and may even help slow down progression of the condition.
Most health authorities recommend that adults get at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity activity or 75 minutes of vigorous activity per week. It’s advisable to include a variety of types of activity in a regular workout program, including:
Strength training to build musclesStretching to reduce stiffnessCardio to lower weight and increase staminaBalance exercises to build strength
Although walking is a popular exercise for OA, current research is not sufficient to recommend that a specific form of physical activity is right for every individual with OA. It is more important to find an exercise routine that works for you and that you can do on a regular basis.
Additionally, research has shown that exercise programs for OA are more effective if they are supervised. You may want to consider taking a class or hiring a personal trainer.
Joint Support
Supportive gear for joints can help manage arthritis symptoms. Among those most often used for this purpose:
WrapsBracesCanesCrutchesWalkersShoe inserts
Such devices should be fitted by a professional.
Assistive devices can also include products for your home that help you complete tasks like cooking or cleaning. For example, you can purchase utensils with special grips and handles, so they are easier to hold. Other devices include zipper pulls, button aids, handrails, and gripping tools.
Medications
In addition to over-the-counter (OTC) medications, such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) for relieving pain, prescription drugs are sometimes used to help manage OA. Consult your healthcare provider to determine the best medications for you.
Medications used for treating OA include:
OTC or prescription-strength NSAIDs such as aspirin, naproxen, and ibuprofen AcetaminophenTopical counterirritants such as capsaicin, menthol, and lidocaineSteroid injections
In clinical trials, medications known as disease-modifying OA drugs (DMOADs) have shown promise in managing arthritis, slowing its progression, and potentially regenerating or repairing damaged cartilage. For example, in studies, a DMOAD called sprifermin has been found to potentially increase the thickness of knee cartilage.
Surgery
Surgery to repair or replace an arthritic joint may improve mobility and function. It cannot, however, guarantee complete relief from all OA symptoms and is usually only considered for severe cases of OA when other treatment options are inadequate.
A Word From Verywell
Although you cannot reverse OA, it is possible to manage it and slow down its progression. Before you try any treatment or supplement, you should discuss them with your healthcare provider. Some products can interfere with your medications and cause side effects.
Researchers continue to study potential treatment options for OA, and they are looking for ways to reverse the disease. There is hope for better alternatives in the future.
